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Journal of Hand Surgery (British and European Volume)
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Articles

Carpal Ligament Decompression Under Local Anaesthesia: the Effect of lidocaine warming and Alkalinisation on Infiltration Pain

C. K. YIANNAKOPOULOS

From the Orthopaedic Department, Veterans Army Hospital, Athens, Greece

Correspondence: Dr C.K. Yiannakopoulos, MD, Byzantiou 2, Nea Smyrni 171 21, Athens, Greece. Tel.: +30-697-2099911; Fax: +30-210-3636181; E-mail: cky{at}ath.forthnet.gr

This study investigated the effects of alkalinization and warming of lidocaine 1% on injection pain in patients undergoing carpal tunnel decompression. Sixty-four adult patients were randomly allocated into one of three groups: Group A (n=20) received plain lidocaine 1%, Group B (n = 22) alkalinized lidocaine and Group C (n = 22) warmed and alkalinized lidocaine. Pain on needle insertion and on infiltration was assessed using a 100 mm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). There was no significant difference regarding pain on needle insertion whereas significant differences were noted in reference to infiltration pain. In Groups B and C (alkalinized lidocaine) the VAS scores on skin infiltration were significantly lower than in Group A, while the pain score in Group C (alkalinized and warmed lidocaine) was significantly lower than in Group B.

Key Words: alkalinization • carpal tunnel syndrome • lidocaine • local anaesthesia • pain • visual analogue scale

Journal of Hand Surgery (British and European Volume), Vol. 29, No. 1, 32-34 (2004)
DOI: 10.1016/S0266-7681(03)00223-7
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